// Underscore.string
// (c) 2010 Esa-Matti Suuronen <esa-matti aet suuronen dot org>
// Underscore.strings is freely distributable under the terms of the MIT license.
// Documentation: https://github.com/edtsech/underscore.string
// Some code is borrowed from MooTools and Alexandru Marasteanu.

// Version 1.1.5

'use strict';
(function(root){
  // ------------------------- Baseline setup ---------------------------------

  var nativeTrim = String.prototype.trim;
  
  var emailRegex = /^[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+(?:\.[a-z0-9!#$%&'*+\/=?^_`{|}~-]+)*@(?:[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?\.)+[a-z0-9](?:[a-z0-9-]*[a-z0-9])?$/;
  
  var parseNumber = function(source) { return source * 1 || 0; };

  var strRepeat = function(i, m) {
    for (var o = []; m > 0; o[--m] = i);
    return o.join('');
  };
  
  /**
  sprintf() for JavaScript 0.7-beta1
  http://www.diveintojavascript.com/projects/javascript-sprintf

  Copyright (c) Alexandru Marasteanu <alexaholic [at) gmail (dot] com>
  All rights reserved.
  **/
  
  var sprintf = (function() {
    function get_type(variable) {
      return Object.prototype.toString.call(variable).slice(8, -1).toLowerCase();
    }
      
    var str_repeat = strRepeat;

    var str_format = function() {
      if (!str_format.cache.hasOwnProperty(arguments[0])) {
        str_format.cache[arguments[0]] = str_format.parse(arguments[0]);
      }
      return str_format.format.call(null, str_format.cache[arguments[0]], arguments);
    };

    str_format.format = function(parse_tree, argv) {
      var cursor = 1, tree_length = parse_tree.length, node_type = '', arg, output = [], i, k, match, pad, pad_character, pad_length;
      for (i = 0; i < tree_length; i++) {
        node_type = get_type(parse_tree[i]);
        if (node_type === 'string') {
          output.push(parse_tree[i]);
        }
        else if (node_type === 'array') {
          match = parse_tree[i]; // convenience purposes only
          if (match[2]) { // keyword argument
            arg = argv[cursor];
            for (k = 0; k < match[2].length; k++) {
              if (!arg.hasOwnProperty(match[2][k])) {
                throw(sprintf('[_.sprintf] property "%s" does not exist', match[2][k]));
              }
              arg = arg[match[2][k]];
            }
          } else if (match[1]) { // positional argument (explicit)
            arg = argv[match[1]];
          }
          else { // positional argument (implicit)
            arg = argv[cursor++];
          }

          if (/[^s]/.test(match[8]) && (get_type(arg) != 'number')) {
            throw(sprintf('[_.sprintf] expecting number but found %s', get_type(arg)));
          }
          switch (match[8]) {
            case 'b': arg = arg.toString(2); break;
            case 'c': arg = String.fromCharCode(arg); break;
            case 'd': arg = parseInt(arg, 10); break;
            case 'e': arg = match[7] ? arg.toExponential(match[7]) : arg.toExponential(); break;
            case 'f': arg = match[7] ? parseFloat(arg).toFixed(match[7]) : parseFloat(arg); break;
            case 'o': arg = arg.toString(8); break;
            case 's': arg = ((arg = String(arg)) && match[7] ? arg.substring(0, match[7]) : arg); break;
            case 'u': arg = Math.abs(arg); break;
            case 'x': arg = arg.toString(16); break;
            case 'X': arg = arg.toString(16).toUpperCase(); break;
          }
          arg = (/[def]/.test(match[8]) && match[3] && arg >= 0 ? '+'+ arg : arg);
          pad_character = match[4] ? match[4] == '0' ? '0' : match[4].charAt(1) : ' ';
          pad_length = match[6] - String(arg).length;
          pad = match[6] ? str_repeat(pad_character, pad_length) : '';
          output.push(match[5] ? arg + pad : pad + arg);
        }
      }
      return output.join('');
    };

    str_format.cache = {};

    str_format.parse = function(fmt) {
      var _fmt = fmt, match = [], parse_tree = [], arg_names = 0;
      while (_fmt) {
        if ((match = /^[^\x25]+/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
          parse_tree.push(match[0]);
        }
        else if ((match = /^\x25{2}/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
          parse_tree.push('%');
        }
        else if ((match = /^\x25(?:([1-9]\d*)\$|\(([^\)]+)\))?(\+)?(0|'[^$])?(-)?(\d+)?(?:\.(\d+))?([b-fosuxX])/.exec(_fmt)) !== null) {
          if (match[2]) {
            arg_names |= 1;
            var field_list = [], replacement_field = match[2], field_match = [];
            if ((field_match = /^([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
              field_list.push(field_match[1]);
              while ((replacement_field = replacement_field.substring(field_match[0].length)) !== '') {
                if ((field_match = /^\.([a-z_][a-z_\d]*)/i.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
                  field_list.push(field_match[1]);
                }
                else if ((field_match = /^\[(\d+)\]/.exec(replacement_field)) !== null) {
                  field_list.push(field_match[1]);
                }
                else {
                  throw('[_.sprintf] huh?');
                }
              }
            }
            else {
              throw('[_.sprintf] huh?');
            }
            match[2] = field_list;
          }
          else {
            arg_names |= 2;
          }
          if (arg_names === 3) {
            throw('[_.sprintf] mixing positional and named placeholders is not (yet) supported');
          }
          parse_tree.push(match);
        }
        else {
          throw('[_.sprintf] huh?');
        }
        _fmt = _fmt.substring(match[0].length);
      }
      return parse_tree;
    };

    return str_format;
  })();
  
  var slice = function(a){
    return Array.prototype.slice.call(a);
  };

  var defaultToWhiteSpace = function(characters){
    if (characters) {
      return _s.escapeRegExp(characters);
    }
    return '\\s';
  };
  
  
  // ------------------------- URL regexp ---------------------------------
  
  var urlRegex = (function(){
    var alpha         = 'a-z',
        alnum         = alpha + '\\d',
        hex           = 'a-f\\d',
        unreserved    = '-_.!~*\'()' + alnum,
        reserved      = ';/?:@&=+$,\\[\\]',
        escaped       = '%['+hex+']{2}',
        uric          = '(?:['+unreserved+reserved+']|'+escaped+')',
        userinfo      = '(?:['+unreserved+';:&=+$,]|'+escaped+')*',
        domlabel      = '(?:['+alnum+'](?:[-'+alnum+']*['+alnum+'])?)',
        toplabel      = '(?:['+alpha+'](?:[-'+alnum+']*['+alnum+'])?)',
        ipv4addr      = '\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}\\.\\d{1,3}',
        hex4          = '['+hex+']{1,4}',
        lastpart      = '(?:'+hex4+'|'+ipv4addr+')',
        hexseq1       = '(?:'+hex4+':)*'+hex4,
        hexseq2       = '(?:'+hex4+':)*'+lastpart,
        ipv6addr      = '(?:'+hexseq2+'|(?:'+hexseq1+')?::(?:'+hexseq2+')?)',
        ipv6ref       = '\\['+ipv6addr+'\\]',
        hostname      = '(?:'+domlabel+'\\.)*'+toplabel+'\\.?',
        host          = '(?:'+hostname+'|'+ipv4addr+'|'+ipv6ref+')',
        pchar         = '(?:['+unreserved+':@&=+$,]|'+escaped+')',
        param         = pchar+'*',
        segment       = pchar+'*(?:;'+param+')*',
        path_segments = segment+'(?:/'+segment+')*',
        path          = '/'+path_segments,
        query         = uric+'*',
        fragment      = query,
        port          = '\\:\\d+',
        authority     = '(?:'+userinfo + '@)?' + host + '(?:'+port+')?';
        
    function makeSchemes(schemes){
      return '(?:'+schemes.join('|')+')://';
    }
      
    var defaultSchemes = '(?:' + makeSchemes(['http', 'https']) + '|//)';
    
    return function(schemes){
      var scheme = schemes && schemes.length ? makeSchemes(schemes) : defaultSchemes,
      regexStr = '^' + scheme + authority + '(?:'+path+')?' + '(?:\\?'+query+')?' + '(?:#'+fragment+')?$';
      return new RegExp(regexStr, 'i');
    };
  })();
  
  var defaultUrlRegex = urlRegex();

  var _s = {
    
    isURL: function(){
      var schemes = slice(arguments),
          str = schemes.shift(),
          regex = schemes.length ? urlRegex(schemes) : defaultUrlRegex;
            
      return regex.test(str);
    },

    isBlank: function(str){
      return str == false;
    },
    
    isEmail: function(str){
      return emailRegex.test(str);
    },
    
    stripTags: function(str){
      return str.replace(/<\/?[^>]+>/ig, '');
    },

    capitalize : function(str) {
      return str.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + str.substring(1).toLowerCase();
    },

    chop: function(str, step){
      step = step || str.length;
      var arr = [];
      for (var i = 0; i < str.length;) {
        arr.push(str.slice(i,i + step));
        i = i + step;
      }
      return arr;
    },

    clean: function(str){
      return _s.strip(str.replace(/\s+/g, ' '));
    },

    count: function(str, substr){
      var count = 0, index;
      for (var i=0; i < str.length;) {
        index = str.indexOf(substr, i);
        index >= 0 && count++;
        i = i + (index >= 0 ? index : 0) + substr.length;
      }
      return count;
    },

    chars: function(str) {
      return str.split('');
    },

    escapeHTML: function(str) {
      return String(str||'').replace(/&/g,'&amp;').replace(/</g,'&lt;').replace(/>/g,'&gt;')
                            .replace(/"/g, '&quot;').replace(/'/g, "&apos;");
    },

    unescapeHTML: function(str) {
      return String(str||'').replace(/&lt;/g, '<').replace(/&gt;/g, '>')
                            .replace(/&quot;/g, '"').replace(/&apos;/g, "'").replace(/&amp;/g, '&');
    },

    escapeRegExp: function(str){
      // From MooTools core 1.2.4
      return String(str||'').replace(/([-.*+?^${}()|[\]\/\\])/g, '\\$1');
    },

    insert: function(str, i, substr){
      var arr = str.split('');
      arr.splice(i, 0, substr);
      return arr.join('');
    },

    includes: function(str, needle){
      return str.indexOf(needle) !== -1;
    },

    join: function(sep) {
      var args = slice(arguments);
      return args.join(args.shift());
    },

    lines: function(str) {
      return str.split("\n");
    },

    reverse: function(str){
      return Array.prototype.reverse.apply(str.split('')).join('');
    },

    splice: function(str, i, howmany, substr){
      var arr = str.split('');
      arr.splice(i, howmany, substr);
      return arr.join('');
    },

    startsWith: function(str, starts){
      return str.length >= starts.length && str.substring(0, starts.length) === starts;
    },

    endsWith: function(str, ends){
      return str.length >= ends.length && str.substring(str.length - ends.length) === ends;
    },

    succ: function(str){
      var arr = str.split('');
      arr.splice(str.length-1, 1, String.fromCharCode(str.charCodeAt(str.length-1) + 1));
      return arr.join('');
    },

    titleize: function(str){
      var arr = str.split(' '),
          word;
      for (var i=0; i < arr.length; i++) {
        word = arr[i].split('');
        if(typeof word[0] !== 'undefined') word[0] = word[0].toUpperCase();
        i+1 === arr.length ? arr[i] = word.join('') : arr[i] = word.join('') + ' ';
      }
      return arr.join('');
    },

    camelize: function(str){
      return _s.trim(str).replace(/(\-|_|\s)+(.)?/g, function(match, separator, chr) {
        return chr ? chr.toUpperCase() : '';
      });
    },

    underscored: function(str){
      return _s.trim(str).replace(/([a-z\d])([A-Z]+)/g, '$1_$2').replace(/\-|\s+/g, '_').toLowerCase();
    },

    dasherize: function(str){
      return _s.trim(str).replace(/([a-z\d])([A-Z]+)/g, '$1-$2').replace(/^([A-Z]+)/, '-$1').replace(/\_|\s+/g, '-').toLowerCase();
    },

    trim: function(str, characters){
      if (!characters && nativeTrim) {
        return nativeTrim.call(str);
      }
      characters = defaultToWhiteSpace(characters);
      return str.replace(new RegExp('\^[' + characters + ']+|[' + characters + ']+$', 'g'), '');
    },

    ltrim: function(str, characters){
      characters = defaultToWhiteSpace(characters);
      return str.replace(new RegExp('\^[' + characters + ']+', 'g'), '');
    },

    rtrim: function(str, characters){
      characters = defaultToWhiteSpace(characters);
      return str.replace(new RegExp('[' + characters + ']+$', 'g'), '');
    },

    truncate: function(str, length, truncateStr){
      truncateStr = truncateStr || '...';
      return str.length > length ? str.slice(0,length) + truncateStr : str;
    },

    words: function(str, delimiter) {
      delimiter = delimiter || " ";
      return str.split(delimiter);
    },


    pad: function(str, length, padStr, type) {
      var padding = '',
          padlen  = 0;

      if (!padStr) { padStr = ' '; }
      else if (padStr.length > 1) { padStr = padStr.charAt(0); }
      switch(type) {
        case 'right':
          padlen = (length - str.length);
          padding = strRepeat(padStr, padlen);
          str = str+padding;
          break;
        case 'both':
          padlen = (length - str.length);
          padding = {
            'left' : strRepeat(padStr, Math.ceil(padlen/2)),
            'right': strRepeat(padStr, Math.floor(padlen/2))
          };
          str = padding.left+str+padding.right;
          break;
        default: // 'left'
          padlen = (length - str.length);
          padding = strRepeat(padStr, padlen);;
          str = padding+str;
        }
      return str;
    },

    lpad: function(str, length, padStr) {
      return _s.pad(str, length, padStr);
    },

    rpad: function(str, length, padStr) {
      return _s.pad(str, length, padStr, 'right');
    },

    lrpad: function(str, length, padStr) {
      return _s.pad(str, length, padStr, 'both');
    },

    sprintf: sprintf,

    vsprintf: function(fmt, argv){
      argv.unshift(fmt);
      return sprintf.apply(null, argv);
    },

    toNumber: function(str, decimals) {
      return parseNumber(parseNumber(str).toFixed(parseNumber(decimals)));
    },

    strRight: function(sourceStr, sep){
      var pos =  (!sep) ? -1 : sourceStr.indexOf(sep);
      return (pos != -1) ? sourceStr.slice(pos+sep.length, sourceStr.length) : sourceStr;
    },

    strRightBack: function(sourceStr, sep){
      var pos =  (!sep) ? -1 : sourceStr.lastIndexOf(sep);
      return (pos != -1) ? sourceStr.slice(pos+sep.length, sourceStr.length) : sourceStr;
    },

    strLeft: function(sourceStr, sep){
      var pos = (!sep) ? -1 : sourceStr.indexOf(sep);
      return (pos != -1) ? sourceStr.slice(0, pos) : sourceStr;
    },

    strLeftBack: function(sourceStr, sep){
      var pos = sourceStr.lastIndexOf(sep);
      return (pos != -1) ? sourceStr.slice(0, pos) : sourceStr;
    }

  };

  // Aliases

  _s.isUrl  = _s.isURL;
  _s.strip  = _s.trim;
  _s.lstrip = _s.ltrim;
  _s.rstrip = _s.rtrim;
  _s.center = _s.lrpad;
  _s.ljust  = _s.lpad;
  _s.rjust  = _s.rpad;

  // CommonJS module is defined
  if (typeof window === 'undefined' && typeof module !== 'undefined') {
    // Export module
    module.exports = _s;

  // Integrate with Underscore.js
  } else if (typeof root._ !== 'undefined') {
    root._.mixin(_s);

  // Or define it
  } else {
    root._ = _s;
  }

}(this || window));